SANTIAGO (Reuters)

A lush green forest in southern Chile might be home to the world’s oldest tree after a new study found that an ancient alerce tree known as “great grandfather” could be more than 5,000 years old.

Scientists were not able to determine an exact age based on tree rings because of the tree’s massive trunk. Normally, a one-metre (1.09 yards) cylinder of wood is extracted to count tree rings, but the great grandfather’s trunk has a diameter of four metres.

Jonathan Barichivich, the scientist who led the study, said the sample they extracted and other dating methods suggest the tree is up to 5,484 years old.

“This method tells us that 80 per cent of all possible growth trajectories give us an age of this living tree greater than 5,000 years,” Barichivich said. “There is only a 20 per cent chance that the tree is younger.”

The estimated age would beat the current record-holder, a 4,853-year-old bristlecone pine tree in California, by more than half a millennium.

“If one compares it with the trees already dated where we count all the rings, it would make it one of the oldest living trees on the planet,” Barichivich said.

While it survived numerous eras of human civilisation, Barichivich is concerned about the tree’s prominence in the Alerce Costero National Park. Visitors often leave the observation platform, step on the tree’s roots and even take pieces of its bark, he said.

He said that similar trees in the United States have their location hidden to prevent similar damage.

Barichivich said he hoped people could “think for a fraction of a second about what it means to live 5,000 years,” and put their lives and the climate crisis into perspective.