Choking to death is a frightening thought, especially when you’re alone and unable to get help.

Preventing such a dire situation requires knowing what steps to take if you find yourself at risk.

By understanding and applying effective techniques, you can significantly reduce the risk of choking and ensure you’re prepared to act swiftly and safely in an emergency.

Here are some tips or steps based on expert recommendations and credible sources such as the American Red Cross, American Heart Association and the Mayo Clinic to assist you.

So, what is choking?

Choking occurs when an object or food becomes lodged in the airway, preventing air from reaching the lungs. The blockage can cause the person to be unable to speak, cough, or breathe effectively. Recognising the signs of choking and taking prompt action is important to fix the issue and possibly save your life.

Choking Symptoms

If you cannot speak, cough, or breathe, and if you are experiencing severe discomfort or a feeling of obstruction in your throat, you are likely choking.

Signs can include a weak or ineffective cough, inability to make sound, and a bluish or pale complexion (if you are lighter-toned).

While choking you must stay calm. It is easier said than done, but panic can worsen the situation. Focus on resolving the blockage methodically, by:

Performing Self-Administered Abdominal Thrusts (Heimlich Manoeuvre)

First, position yourself

Stand or kneel in a stable position. If you are unable to stand, sit down on a sturdy chair.

Secondly, use your hands

Place your fist just above your navel. Grasp your fist with the other hand.

Thirdly, apply pressure

Use quick, inward and upward thrusts to attempt to expel the obstruction. This manoeuvre creates enough pressure to force the object out of the airway.

Continue the thrusts until the obstruction is cleared or you lose consciousness.

Another variation of the self-Heimlich involves positioning yourself against a sink, countertop, desk, or sturdy chair. Firmly press your upper belly against its edge and grasp its sides with both hands. Then, thrust yourself forward with controlled force, bending slightly at the waist. Repeat this motion as necessary. This method can significantly aid in dislodging obstructed airways and ensuring your safety.

Perform Self-Administered Chest Compressions

• If Abdominal Thrusts Fail: If you are unable to dislodge the object using abdominal thrusts, proceed with chest compressions.
• Position Yourself: Place yourself on the floor or a firm surface. If seated, lean forward slightly.
• Use Your Hands: Place the heel of one hand in the centre of your chest (between the nipples). Place the other hand on top of the first hand.
• Apply Compressions: Push down hard and fast (about 2 inches deep and at a rate of 100-120 compressions per minute). The compressions should be forceful enough to expel the object from the airway.

Seek Medical Attention

Call Emergency Services

If you can, call 119 or your local emergency number as soon as possible. Even if you manage to clear the obstruction, it’s important to get evaluated by a medical professional. If you are local, the police or ambulance may not get to you in time, but it’s worth trying if you don’t have contact with a neighbour.

With this in mind, it may be worth familiarizing yourself with a neighbour or two.

Consider the Situation

If you are about to lose consciousness and are unable to call for help, consider leaving where you are to seek out a passerby. So, leave your house; someone in your environment may be able to offer some assistance.

To prevent future incidents it is essential to learn proper techniques and modify risk factors. Start by familiarizing yourself with the Heimlich manoeuvre and first aid techniques through certified courses offered by organizations such as the Human Employment and Resource Training (HEART). Additionally, mitigate risks by eating slowly and chewing food thoroughly, and avoid talking or laughing with food in your mouth.

These precautions can significantly reduce the likelihood of choking and other related emergencies and could potentially save your life.