Last week we established that regular screening is one of the ways women can both prevent and detect gynaecological cancers.

Screening generally involves a pap smear being done to detect cervical and uterine cancers or a pelvic exam to examine the vagina, cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries and rectum.

In our ongoing series for Gynaecological Cancer Awareness Month, we explore additional measures women can take to lower their risk of developing gynaecological cancers.

Diet

A balanced diet significantly impacts overall health. Research indicates that diets rich in vegetables, whole grains, beans, and fruits can help reduce cancer risk. It’s advisable to limit processed foods, alcohol, salty snacks, and sugary items.

Exercise

Regular physical activity is crucial in lowering the risk of certain cancers. The American Cancer Society highlights that exercise helps regulate hormones linked to cancer development and supports a healthy immune system.

Maintaining a healthy weight is essential, as obesity is a major contributor to cancer-related deaths. Aim for 150 minutes of moderate exercise weekly—like brisk walking, dancing, or yoga—or 75 minutes of vigorous activity, such as jogging, swimming, or tennis.

Vaccination

The human papillomavirus (HPV) is a known cause of cervical cancer, which is the third most common cancer among women in Jamaica.

Vaccination against HPV is recommended for both men and women aged 11 to 26. The HPV vaccine helps boost immunity against the most harmful strains, particularly types 16 and 18, which account for over 70 per cent of cervical cancer cases, as well as a significant portion of HPV-related head and neck and anal cancers.

By following these guidelines—regular screenings, a nutritious diet, consistent exercise, and vaccination—women can take proactive steps toward reducing their risk of gynaecological cancers.

READ: Wellness Watch| How often should women visit their gynaecologist?